定例オープンセミナー‐京都大学生存圏研究所

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過去の定例オープンセミナー

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第265回定例オープンセミナーは2021年1月20日（水）12時30分～13時20分にオンライン（Zoom）のみでの開催となります。
聴講希望の方は、ご所属、お名前、連絡先等記してメールにてお問い合わせください。
オープンセミナー事務局： rish-center_events@rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp
開催日当日午前10時までにご連絡ください。
第34回からオープンセミナーの回数は2004 （平成16）年度からの通し番号表示にしました。
2008年度より開始時刻および終了時刻は12:30～13:20になりました。
年度末に萌芽ミッション研究の総決算として「生存圏ミッションシンポジウム」を開催します。

第265回定例オープンセミナー（2021年1月20日 12:30，Zoom）

【発表者】　後藤達彦（帯広畜産大学グローバルアグロメディシン研究センター・助教）
【題目】　Searching for genes underlying a variety of phenotypes using genetic resource of chickens
様々なニワトリ品種を用いた多様な表現型に関与する遺伝子群の探索
【内容】　Genetic control of livestock production is major concern for enhancing food production in the world. Since chicken is well known as the most important meat and egg producers, elucidating genetic mechanisms will provide some benefits in future livestock industry.
From several decades ago, genotype-phenotype relationship has been investigated in chickens. Nowadays, next-generation sequencer (NGS) is available even in individual research groups. Therefore, some interesting findings of genotype-phenotype relationship easily can be found.
In this talk, I will show brief overview of genetic mapping study and some remarkable examples of genotype-phenotype relationship in chickens. Moreover, I will introduce future researches planned in my Lab by indicating characteristics of many kinds of Japanese indigenous breeds of chickens.
【資料】　第265回 Web ページ | PDF ファイル（251 858 バイト）

第266回定例オープンセミナー（2021年1月27日 12:30，於HW525 & Zoom）

【発表者】　SCHAEFER Holger (Mission Research Fellow, RISH Kyoto University)
【題目】　Production and decomposition of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae in hinoki cypress forests
ヒノキ林における菌根菌糸の生産と分解
【内容】　Forest carbon (C) sequestration is a significant counterweight to the C emissions from human activities to the atmosphere and, hence, integral to mitigate climate change. Understanding of the drivers of the forest C cycling and sequestration is, therefore, important. Most forest plants live in symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi which use extraradical mycorrhizal hyphae (EMH) to acquire soil inorganic nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In exchange for providing these nutrients to plants, mycorrhizal fungi receive up to 22 % of the plant-assimilated C and, hence, become a major pathway for plant-assimilated C in forests.
The production and decomposition of mycorrhizal fungi and, in particular, EMH has been studied at more than 150 forest sites. However, most of these sites were in cold-temperate forests where trees associated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. In contrast, our understanding of the EMH production and decomposition in warm-temperate forests, where arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi often dominate, is limited. In this talk, I will outline the results of two recent studies in warm-temperate forests of hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), an AM tree species (Fig. 1). In the first study, evidence for the close coupling of EMH production to the C assimilation of hinoki cypress trees was shown. In the second study, a rapid decomposition of EMH in hinoki cypress forests was shown, with an initial half-life of only 10 days. Both studies highlight EMH as important drivers of the C cycling in warm-temperate forests of AM trees and indicate the need for further study.
【資料】　第266回 Web ページ | PDF ファイル（211 232 バイト）