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第323回生存圏シンポジウム
全大気圏国際シンポジウム
(International Symposium on the Whole Atmosphere)

更新日: 2017/03/27

開催日時 2016(平成28)年9月14日(水)10:30~16日(金)
開催場所 東京大学伊藤謝恩ホール
主催者 東京大学大学院理学系研究科および国立極地研究所の共同主催
申請代表者 佐藤薫 (東京大学大学院理学系研究科)
所内担当者 山本衛 (京都大学生存圏研究所レーダー大気圏科学分野)
関連ミッション ミッション1 環境診断・循環機能制御
ミッション3 宇宙生存環境
関連分野 大気科学。

概要

地球の下層から上層まで幅広い高度領域を含む全大気圏における研究の現状を俯瞰・共有し、今後の方向性を議論することを目的として開催された。海外から多くの著名な研究者を含む参加者があり、同分野の現状把握と今後の研究の方向性に関する活発な議論が展開された。若手への旅費サポート充実により、国内外の多くの若手研究者が参加し、国際および世代間交流の場としても大変有意義であった。

目的と具体的な内容

熱帯でエルニーニョが生じたときに成層圏を介して北極の地上気温が上がること、北極域の成層圏で生じる突然昇温現象の影響が北半球地上気候や南極域中間圏に及ぶことなど、地球気候は、対流圏だけでなく中層大気(成層圏・中間圏)・超高層大気(熱圏/電離圏)を含む大気全体に広がる結合過程によって大きく変動することが、最近の研究によりわかってきた。本シンポジウムでは、地球大気全体を一つのシステムとして捉える「全大気」をキーワードとし、この中でのミクロからマクロにいたる様々な現象の相互作用を解き明かしながら、「全大気」がグローバルあるいは局所的に地上気候の変動に及ぼすメカニズムの明確化を目指した。本シンポジウムで特に注目する中層大気・超高層大気は、これまでは高解像度の観測やモデルシミュレーションが難しい領域であったが、最近ようやく研究の道具立てが整ってきており、これらを統合した国際共同研究の必要性が謳われている。本シンポジウムでは、地上気候に大きく影響する「全大気」の結合過程や相互作用、および関連する観測、データ同化、モデル、理論などについての最新の研究成果を俯瞰し、今後の研究の方向性を議論した。

生存圏科学の発展や関連コミュニティの形成への貢献

本シンポジウムでは、地球温暖化や南極オゾンホールの影響が顕著に現れる対流圏や中層大気に加え、太陽活動の影響を強く受け、多数の人工衛星が飛び交う超高層大気もターゲットとし、これらの広範な高度領域を1つの大気圏として包括的に取り扱った。これにより、まだ解明が不十分な下層・中層大気と超高層大気との上下結合過程の現状を理解し、今後の研究の方向性を議論する場となった。これらは気候予測精度の向上にも深く関わるものであり、その社会的意義も大きい。また、レーダーをはじめとする地上観測装置や飛翔体を用いた新しい観測手法および測定精度向上のための技術開発も活発に議論された。

本シンポジウムでは、各分野で世界を代表する第一線の研究者による招待講演を中心とした構成とし、参加者を限定したシングルセッションにより全参加者が議論を共有できる場を提供することができた。海外からの著名な研究者を含む118名が参加し、3日間にわたって、観測、モデル、理論などそれぞれの分野からの講演(基調:3件、招待:36件、口頭:20件、ポスター:39件)がなされた。

また、参加登録料の無料化と生存圏からの研究集会費を含む旅費サポートの充実により、国内外の多くの有能な若手研究者が参加したことも特筆に値する。本シンポジウムに招待した著名な研究者との議論や、若手研究者同士の交流の場の提供により、本研究分野のコミュニティ発展に資することができたと考えている。今後の国際協同研究や人材交流の活性化につながることを期待している。

プログラム

詳細: http://pansy.eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/iswa/ISWA-program.html

Wednesday, September 14

10:30–10:40 Opening remarks (K. Sato)
10:40–11:10 Keynote 1
K. Hamilton: Propagation of the S2 tide throughout the whole atmosphere: The remarkable information in a simple barometric record
Session 1: Planetary/Rossby waves and tides I
11:10–11:25 J. M. Forbes: Planetary wave-tide interactions and consequences in the middle and upper atmosphere (invited)
11:25–11:40 J. Oberheide: Short-term tidal variability in the ionospheric dynamo region over one solar cycle (invited)
11:40–11:55 R. R. Garcia: Seasonal and interannual variability of the diurnal tides observed by SABER (invited)
11:55–12:10 L. Chang: Coherent seasonal, annual, and quasi-biennial variations in ionospheric tidal/SPW amplitudes: Observations and Modeling
12:10–13:30 Lunch
Session 2: Planetary/Rossby waves and tides II
13:30–13:45 R. S. Lieberman: Observational and theoretical studies of tide-planetary wave interaction in the middle atmosphere (invited)
13:45–14:00 A. K. Smith: The QBO impacts on tides and the SAO (invited)
14:00–14:15 V. Wirth: Diagnosing long-range propagation of upper tropospheric Rossby wave packets (invited)
Session 3: Middle atmosphere climate
14:15–14:30 D. R. Marsh: Are stratospheric ozone chemistry feedbacks critical for the determination of climate sensitivity? (invited)
14:30–14:45 K. Matthes: Decadal variability and its relation to the solar cycle and internal variability (invited)
14:40–15:00 B. Funke: Mesosphere-stratosphere coupling by polar winter descent of odd nitrogen (invited)
15:00–15:15 Y. Tomikawa: Dynamical response of the SH middle atmosphere to energetic particle precipitations in the latest reanalysis data
15:15–15:45 Coffee break
Session 4: Sudden stratospheric warming and SSW-initiated global coupling
15:45–16:00 R. A. Vincent: Stratospheric warmings in the southern hemisphere and coupling to the mesosphere (invited)
16:00–16:15 T. Birner: Sudden stratospheric warmings and anomalous upward wave activity flux (invited)
16:15–16:30 T. Hirooka: Modulation of the semiannual oscillation induced by sudden stratospheric warming events (invited)
16:30–16:45 Y. J. Orsolini: Role of planetary waves, gravity waves and tides in the downward transport of nitrogen oxides during elevated stratopause events
16:45–17:00 S. Noguchi: Predictability of the stratospheric polar vortex breakdown: An ensemble reforecast experiment for the splitting event in January 2009
17:00–17:15 C. Zulicke: Relation of low-latitude mesospheric wind anomalies to SAO, QBO and SSW
17:15–17:30 F. I. Laskar: Interhemispheric coupling during sudden stratospheric warmings and at different phases of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation
17:30–17:45 K. Sato: Interhemispheric Coupling Study by Observations and Modelling (ICSOM)
18:00–19:30 ICSOM meeting (members only)

Thursday, September 15

09:30–10:00 Keynote 2
W. Randel: Satellite observations and coupling of the whole atmosphere
Session 5: Stratosphere-troposphere coupling I
10:00–10:15 M. A. Geller: Baroclinic mixing of potential vorticity as the principal sharpening mechanism for the tropopause inversion layer (invited)
10:15–10:30 M. H. Hitchman: On the role of inertial instability in cyclones: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, jet acceleration, and PV dipoles (invited)
10:30–10:45 P. H. Haynes: The controlling effect of the stratosphere on the tropospheric flow and on upward planetary wave propagation (invited)
10:45–11:00 Coffee break
Session 6: Stratosphere-troposphere coupling II
11:00–11:15 T. Iwasaki: Impacts of low-level polar cold air outbreaks on Brewer-Dobson circulations (invited)
11:15–11:30 S.-W. Son: Modulation of the organized tropical deep convections by the stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (invited)
11:30–11:45 S. Yoden: Stratosphere-troposphere dynamical coupling in the tropics: QBO modulations of the tropical deep convection and the MJO (invited)
11:45–12:00 M. P. Baldwin: tbd (invited)
12:00–12:15 M. Abalos: Phase-speed spectra of tracer eddy fluxes linked to isentropic stirring in the UTLS
12:15–13:30 Lunch
13:30–15:30 Poster presentations
15:30–16:00 Coffee break
Session 7: Gravity waves I
16:00–16:15 H.-Y. Chun: Convective gravity waves and their interaction with QBO (invited)
16:15–16:30 S. L. Vadas: The vertical coupling of the lower to upper atmosphere via atmospheric gravity waves (invited)
16:30–16:45 A. Hertzog: Gravity waves: Long-duration balloon observations and parameterization in climate models (invited)
16:45–17:00 P. Preusse: Global gravity wave distributions from limb-sounding satellites, ECMWF and ray-tracing modelling (invited)
17:00–17:15 I. Krisch: 3D tomographic measurements of gravity waves with the IR limb imager GLORIA during GW-LCYCLE
17:15–17:30 D. J. Murphy: Gravity waves in models and observations over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean (invited)
17:30–17:45 R. Shibuya: Inertia-gravity waves with a wave period of quasi-12 h in the mesosphere observed by the PANSY radar
17:45–18:00 B. R. Sutherland: Flows induced by 1D, 2D and 3D internal wavepackets (invited)
19:00–21:00 Banquet (Registration and payment are necessary by August 15 2016)

Friday, September 16

09:30–10:00 Keynote 3
W. E. Ward: Effects of dynamical variability in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere on energetics and constituents
Session 8: Vertical coupling I
10:00–10:15 Huixin Liu: Thermospheric inter-annual variability: Implications for effects of ENSO and QBO (invited)
10:15–10:30 K. Shiokawa: Horizontal and vertical coupling of the middle and upper atmosphere observed by airglow imagers (invited)
10:30–10:45 J. Yue: Quasi-two-day wave coupling of the middle atmosphere and ionosphere-thermosphere (invited)
10:45–11:00 Coffee break
Session 9: Vertical coupling II
11:00–11:15 X. Chu: Thermospheric Fe layers up to ~200 km in Antarctica and their coupling with the atmosphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere (invited)
11:15–11:30 Y. Miyoshi: Vertical propagation of gravity waves in the thermosphere simulated by GAIA (invited)
11:30–11:45 H. Schmidt: What determines the downward transport of nitrogen oxides from the lower thermosphere to the stratosphere? (invited)
11:45–12:00 R. Yasui: An analysis on the momentum budget in the MLT region based on satellite and whole atmosphere model data
12:00–12:15 A. de la Camara: The impact of source-related nonorographic gravity wave parameterizations on the circulation of the middle atmosphere
12:15–13:30 Lunch
Session 10: Observations and technology of the middle and upper atmosphere
13:30–13:45 I. M. Reid: Meteor radar and airglow observations at middle and high latitudes (invited)
13:45–14:00 M. Yamamoto: Study of ionospheric irregularities over Japan and Indonesia with radars and other instruments (invited)
14:00–14:15 J. L. Chau: MMARIA: A multi-static, multi-frequency meteor radar approach to improve the MLT wind field measurements (invited)
14:15–14:30 M. Tsutsumi: Characteristics of mesosphere echoes over Antarctica obtained using PANSY and MF radars
14:30–14:45 K. Nishimura: Technical development for MST radar; Pulse coding, signal processing and spectrum estimation
Session 11: Gravity waves II
14:45–15:00 M. Rapp: Initial results of the GW-LCYCLE campaign 2015/16 — results on the life cycle of gravity waves from combined airborne and ground based observations (invited)
15:00–15:15 T. Moffat-Griffin: Measuring mesospheric gravity waves from above the oceans: a ship-borne imager
15:15–15:30 X. Lu: Statistical characterization of high-to-medium frequency gravity waves in vertical winds and temperatures in the MLT
15:30–16:00 Coffee break
Session 12: Gravity waves III
16:00–16:15 D. C. Fritts: Multi-scale gravity wave dynamics throughout the atmosphere: Interactions, instabilities, and secondary gravity wave generation (invited)
16:15–16:30 T. Nakamura: Gravity waves in the middle atmosphere over Syowa Station, the Antarctic (69S, 40E), observed with ground-based optical observations
16:30–16:45 I.-S. Song: Numerical simulation of mesoscale gravity waves observed near the mesopause region
Session 13: High-resolution GCM
16:45–17:00 M. J. Alexander: Gravity waves and precipitation in high-resolution models and observations (invited)
17:00–17:15 E. Manzini: Towards a high resolution stratosphere in ICON (invited)
17:15–17:30 E. Becker: Explicit simulation of gravity waves up to the lower thermosphere using a global circulation model (invited)
17:30–17:45 Hanli Liu: Gravity Wave Variation from the Stratosphere to the Lower Thermosphere During Stratospheric Sudden Warming Events (invited)
17:45–17:50 Closing remarks (K. Sato)

Saturday, September 17

Excursion (Registration and payment are necessary by August 15)

List of poster presentations (Thursday, September 15)

Planetary/Rossby waves and tides

  • X. Lu: Vertical coupling of eastward travelling planetary waves from the stratosphere to the lower thermosphere in Antarctica using lidar, satellite, and modeling
  • S. Eswaraiah: Observation of strong mesospheric tides over the Antarctic during stratosphere sudden warming years
  • S. Nozawa: Changes of temperature and semidiurnal tide in the polar lower thermosphere and upper mesosphere related to sudden stratospheric warmings above Tromsoe, Norway
  • M. A. Thithonis: Quasi two day wave activity during major sudden stratospheric warming events
  • V. Silverman: Radiative effects of ozone waves on the polar vortex seasonal cycle and extratropical QBO signal
  • R. Thieblemont: Poleward transport variability in the northern hemisphere during the final stratospheric warming simulated by CESM (WACCM)

Middle atmosphere climate

  • A. Kuchar: A mid-latitude stratosphere dynamical index for attribution of stratospheric variability and improved ozone and temperature trend analysis – dynamics discussion
  • H. Naoe: Future changes in ozone Quasi-Biennial Oscillation with increasing GHGs and ozone recovery in CCMI simulation
  • D. F. Hurst: Stratospheric water vapor and ozone: Past influences on climate evaluated using the SWOOSH database
  • M. Lopez-Puertas: Variability of temperature and cooling rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
  • P. Kishore: Evaluating CMIP5 models using GPS radio occultation COSMIC temperature in UTLS region during 2006-2013: 21st century projection and trends

Sudden stratospheric warming and SSW-initiated global coupling

  • A. de la Camara: On the sensitivity of sudden stratospheric warmings to previous stratospheric conditions
  • V. Kumar: Impact of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) over tropical region: A study using COSMIC/ FORMOSAT-3 observations
  • P. Kishore: Sudden stratospheric warmings observed in the last decade by satellite measurements

Stratosphere-troposphere coupling

  • M. Sandhya: Convective response due to a potential vorticity intrusion in tropical latitudes
  • M. Sandhya: Tropical upper tropospheric humidity variations and tropical plumes due to potential vorticity intrusions over Indian sector
  • S. K. Sharma: Investigations on water vapor, total column ozone and aerosol optical thickness over western sites of India
  • D. Domeisen: A blocking view of stratosphere — troposphere coupling
  • E. Nishimoto: Influence of the stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Madden-Julian Oscillation during austral summer
  • T. Yamanouchi: Importance of stratosphere-troposphere coupling in polar atmosphere and climate
  • T. Ermakova: Manifestation of ENSO events in the extra-tropical stratosphere
  • E. Savenkova: Stratosphere-troposphere coupling during the SSW Events
  • J. Suzuki: Interannual variability of equatorial Kelvin waves around the tropical tropopause influenced by the background wind
  • S. Hirano: A three-dimensional analysis on the role of atmospheric waves in the climatology and interannual variability of stratospheric final warming in the Southern Hemisphere
  • K. Nishii: Decay processes of short and long extreme stratospheric polar vortex events

Gravity waves

  • J. B. Snively: Numerical modeling of large amplitude mesospheric gravity waves and their observable signatures in the hydroxyl airglow layer
  • B.-G. Song: Sources of gravity waves in the upper mesosphere at King Sejong Station, Antarctica (62.22°S, 58.78°W)
  • P. Ghosh: Convection generated high frequency gravity waves: Comparison between MST radar observations & WRF simulation
  • M. Pramitha: Identification of gravity wave sources over tropical latitudes using reverse ray tracing technique
  • M. Kogure: Seasonal and height variations of gravity wave activities in the middle atmosphere (15–70 km) over Syowa Station (69S, 40E) in the Antarctic using Rayleigh/Raman lidar
  • Y. Minamihara: Characteristics of vertical wind fluctuations in the lower troposphere at Syowa Station in the Antarctic revealed by the PANSY radar
  • D. Takeo: Long-term variation of horizontal phase velocity spectra of atmospheric gravity waves observed by an airglow imager at Shigaraki: Comparison between mesopause region and thermosphere
  • S. Perwitasari: 3-years of concentric gravity wave variability in the mesopause as observed by IMAP/VISI
  • A. V. Koval: Numerical simulation of the stationary orographic gravity waves impact on the ozone fluxes and meridional circulation during stratospheric warming events in the middle atmosphere
  • J. Zhao: Characterization of gravity waves in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere at McMurdo, Antarctica
  • C. Chen: Lidar observations and automated extraction of persistent gravity waves with periods of 3-10 h at McMurdo (77.83°S, 166.67°E) utilizing two-dimensional Morlet wavelet transform
  • T. S. Matsuda: New applications of horizontal phase velocity spectrum derived from airglow imaging observation at Syowa
  • C. J. Heale: Interaction of finite amplitude gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere

Vertical coupling

  • M. Shivankandan: Multi-instrument investigation of troposphere-ionosphere coupling through gravity waves and the role of gravity waves in the formation of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs)
  • A. Saito: ISS-IMAP observation of the airglow structures in the MLT region
  • L. N. Makarova: Influence of the space disturbances on the Arctic weather
  • N. Eguchi: Sudden tropical stratospheric warming by subtropical jet variation in the middle atmosphere
  • V. Matthias: QBO modulation of the southern polar mesopause region
  • G. Bharti: Radiative cooling by NO emission observed by TIMED/SABER over Asian sector

Observations and technology of the middle and upper atmosphere

  • M. K. Ejiri: Observed fine-structures in sporadic Ca+ ion layers by a frequency-tunable resonance scattering lidar in the midlatitude
  • P. Baron: Study for measuring middle and upper atmospheric wind and temperature with sub-millimeter and TeraHertz limb sounders
  • T. Hashimoto: Automatic diagonal-loading scheme for robust adaptive beamforming on atmospheric radars
  • J. Gumbel: The MATS satellite mission – tomography of structures and waves in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere
  • Y. Guo: Measuring turbulence and eddy flux with a Na lidar
  • H. Hashiguchi: Development of MU radar real-time processing system with adaptive clutter rejection
  • S. Ochiai: A plan of submillimeter limb sounder for measurement of the middle atmosphere

Wave-mean flow interaction

  • Y. Hayashi: Formation of two dimensional and three dimensional circulation responding to unsteady wave forcing in the middle atmosphere
  • T. Kinoshita: A study of three dimensional structure of stratospheric material transport
  • Y. Kanno: Mean meridional circulations expressed by mass-weighted isentropic time means

Solar effects on the neutral atmosphere

  • K. Kodera: Solar influence on the tropical troposphere from the middle atmosphere
  • K. Imai: SMILES observations of mesospheric ozone during the solar eclipse
  • T. Nishiyama: Comparison study between polar mesosphere winter echo, CNA and electron density in the mesosphere based on the PANSY radar

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